Page 39 - index

2018 ‫מועד סתיו‬ - 39 - ‫ פרק ראשון‬- ‫אנגלית‬

Reading Comprehension

This part consists of two passages, each followed by several related questions. For each
question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Text I (Questions 13-17)

(1) Although sleep is viewed by some as a luxury, research shows that getting enough
sleep is a biological necessity, as important as eating well and exercising. Sleep
deprivation has been found to affect nearly every aspect of one's life, from physical
well-being and emotional stability to behavior and work performance. Teens, who tend

(5) to stay up very late but still have to be up early for school, are among those least likely
to get enough sleep. It now appears that teenagers cannot help being wakeful in the
evening and sleepy early in the morning. Biologically speaking, they are simply on a
different sleep-wake clock than adults or small children.

According to Professor Mary Carskadon, director of sleep research at E.P. Bradley
(10) Hospital in Rhode Island, society is asking teenagers to sleep at the wrong time. In her

study, Carskadon measured the levels of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin in
adolescents. She found that melatonin secretion in teenagers begins late at night,
making it difficult for them to go to sleep early; because the secretion does not stop
until morning, it can also be difficult for them to get up. A teenager's natural biological
(15) rhythm thus finds itself in conflict with the school bell.

To maximize teenagers' learning potential, Carskadon recommends that high
schools start classes later in the morning. More and more schools are taking this advice
to heart, with encouraging results. Students are coming to class on time and are more
alert; as a result, both their grades and their behavior have improved.

Questions

13. A good title for this text would be -

(1) Teenage Sleep Deprivation: Long-Term Effects
(2) Sleep: Luxury or Biological Necessity?
(3) The Teenage Sleep-Wake Clock: What Makes It Tick?
(4) Melatonin: The Sleep-Promoting Hormone

)‫© כל הזכויות שמורות למרכז ארצי לבחינות ולהערכה (ע"ר‬
.‫ בלא אישור בכתב מהמרכז הארצי לבחינות ולהערכה‬- ‫ כולה או חלקים ממנה‬- ‫ או ללמדה‬,‫אין להעתיק או להפיץ בחינה זו או קטעים ממנה בכל צורה ובכל אמצעי‬